ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on economic and social inequalities is analyzed in five dimensions: health, income, education, gender, and digital inequalities. Cases from developed countries provided as the evidence of the stimulating effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the inequalities. The requirement of emergent transformation of the traditional methods to digital ones put a certain pressure on the social and economic structures. The existing dynamics has been stimulated by the containment and closure policies of the governments. Even in the developed countries, the financial packages couldn't prevent the detrimental effects of the lockdowns on the equities and inequalities. In this chapter, these effects are discussed, and some policy recommendations are offered. © 2022, IGI Global. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Leadership is an important parameter in the healthcare field. The need for a leader with digital skills in the context of social transformation and digitalization has become more important, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study discusses the leadership of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Turkey, Fahrettin Koca, in the context of digital environments during the pandemic. The reason for choosing Minister Koca as the leader is that he undertook the responsibilities of informing, persuading, and guiding citizens about the Covid-19 Pandemic. Koca has impressed the citizens of the Republic of Turkey with the shares he made from digital media at regular intervals with his rhetoric, knowledge, and vision. The aim of the study is to reveal how transformational leadership in the field of health is applied in digital environments after the Covid-19 in Turkey. Press meetings held by Minister Koca were evaluated based on transformational leadership categories to raise public awareness in the digital environment. In this qualitative research, the data were obtained from the official Youtube account of Minister of Health Koca. The data were evaluated by content analysis method using the MAXQDA program. The phenomenon of digital leadership after Covid-19 was discussed through digital transformation and leadership theories. As a result of the study, it was seen that Health Minister Koca have transformational leadership capability at both individual and organizational level.
ABSTRACT
In an ecosystem where globalization and digitalization constantly and rapidly increase, countries constantly develop and change in many subjects like technology, industry, education, climate change, sustainable investment. Group of 20 that comprises developed and developing 19 countries and European Comission, get together and share ideas and develop shared policies so that the economies can develop, progress in a planned and consistent manner, the economic factors are used effectively and thus develop sustainably. The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic which emerged in the Wuhan city of China for the first time in December 12, 2019 and which has rapidly spread all around the world and profoundly shaken the economies has slowed down the economic activities as countries have withdrawn, which has had an impact on employment the most. Unemployment is one of the most important economic problems which the countries face and focus on the most to resolve. Therefore in this research, the share of agriculture, which affects the unemployment rates of the G20 member countries constituting more than two thirds of the world economy on an annual basis since 2000, within GPD, the inflation rate, import and export rates have been tested using the panel data analysis method. It has been concluded that the model fit the random effects model according to the Hausman test. Following that the assumptions were tested, and it was concluded that the model had heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation and interunit correlation. The final model was obtained with the Driscoll-Kraay test, which corrected all three. According to the findings achieved with this model, it was determined that the unemployment rate was affected by agriculture's share within the GDP in the same way as the export rates and that it was affected reversely by the inflation rate and the import rates.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate the anxiety, depression, insomnia and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and the assocaited sociodemographic, clinical and professional factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in healthhcare workers. METHOD: A total of 509 participants joined an online survey to complete the data acquisition tools consisting of a Sociodemographic and Clinical Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder- Short Scale (PTSD-SS). RESULTS: The 509 participants of the study consisted of physicians (69.2%) and nurses (30.8%). On the basis of the scores above the cut-off points of the pscyhometric scales used, the mental symptoms of the participants were ranked as 54.2% on depression, 26.3% on anxiety, 20.8% on insomnia and 8.8% on PTSD. The corresponding scores of the 20-30 year old, the female and the nursing participants were significantly higher as compared to the others (p<0.001, for all). Significant differences were not found in these scores with respect to working or not working directly with COVID-19 patients, or having a family member with or without COVID-19 infection (p>0.05). Having a history of suspected COVID-19 infection was significantly associated with insomnia (p=0.026 and PTSD (p=0.008). Also, the anxiety and PTSD scores of the participants with a history of mental disorder diagnosis were significantly higher in comparison to the others (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The results indicated that females, nurses, participants in the 20-30 year age group and with a history of mental disorder diagnosis were in the high risk group for impaired mental health, irrespective of their professional positions. Close monitoring and early intervention are essential for these high-risk individuals.
ABSTRACT
METHODS: Forty-two COVID-19 patients who underwent emergency PCI due to the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome were included in the study. Mean age was 63±14.76 and males accounted for 81 % (34/42). Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) was defined as absolute increase in serum creatinine level by 0.3 mg/dL above baseline within 48 hours of contrast exposure. Patients were divided into two groups according to CI-AKI development following coronary angiography. RESULTS: CI-AKI developed in 33.3 % (14/42) of the patients. Pre-procedure e-GFR (p=0.028), serum albumin levels (p=0.021), and ejection fraction (p=0.039) were lower in the CI-AKI group. Whereas the platelet/lymphocyte ratio was significantly lower in the non-CI-AKI group (p=0.010). CONCLUSIONS: Our study results demonstrated that patients suffering from COVID-19 had a high risk of CI-AKI development following coronary angiography (Tab. 1, Ref. 36).